--- title: "Formato de registro SPF: guía completa de configuración de DNS | AutoSPF" description: "Comprenda el formato de registro SPF - versión, mecanismos, cualificadores y modificadores. Aprenda a estructurar su registro SPF TXT para una autenticación de correo correcta." image: "https://autospf.com/images/og-default.png" canonical: "https://autospf.com/es/formato-de-registro-spf/" --- Referencia completa # Formato de registro SPF Una guía de referencia completa sobre el formato del registro Sender Policy Framework - mecanismos, cualificadores, modificadores y ejemplos del mundo real como [un registro SPF de ejemplo](/es/ejemplo-de-registro-spf/) que puede copiar. Conforme con la RFC 7208 Estructura del registro ## Anatomía de un registro SPF `v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 include:_spf.google.com -all` v=spf1 Versión ip4:192.0.2.1 Mecanismo include:... Mecanismo \-all Cualificador + comodín Componentes básicos ## Mecanismos Los mecanismos definen qué servidores están autorizados a enviar correo en nombre de su dominio, y aparecen en todos los [tipos de registro SPF](/blog/complete-guide-to-spf-record-types-6-variations-explained-simply/). Cada mecanismo cuenta para el límite de 10 consultas DNS (excepto `ip4`, `ip6` y `all`). | Mecanismo | Ejemplo | Descripción | ¿Consulta DNS? | | --------- | --------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------- | | ip4 | ip4:192.0.2.0/24 | Autoriza una dirección IPv4 o un rango CIDR específico | No | | ip6 | ip6:2001:db8::/32 | Autoriza una dirección o rango IPv6 específico | No | | a | a | Autoriza las direcciones IP del registro A del dominio | Sí | | mx | mx | Autoriza los servidores de correo del registro MX del dominio | Sí | | include | include:\_spf.google.com | Hace referencia al registro SPF de otro dominio | Sí | | all | \-all | Mecanismo comodín - coincide con todo lo que no haya coincidido antes | No | | exists | exists:%{i}.spf.example.com | Comprueba si existe un registro DNS A (se usa en las macros SPF) | Sí | | ptr | ptr | Comprobación de DNS inverso (obsoleto - no lo use) | Sí | Tipos de acción ## Cualificadores Los cualificadores se anteponen a los mecanismos e indican al servidor receptor qué acción tomar cuando se produce una coincidencia - la base de [cómo protege SPF su dominio](/blog/what-spf-records-are-and-how-they-protect-email-domains/). Si no se especifica ningún cualificador, `+` (Pass) es el valor predeterminado. + ### Pass Acepta el correo. El remitente está autorizado. \- ### Fail Rechaza el correo. El remitente no está autorizado. \~ ### Soft Fail Acepta pero marca como sospechoso. Úselo durante las pruebas. ? ### Neutral Sin aserción. Se trata como si no hubiera política SPF. Opciones avanzadas ## Modificadores ### redirect= Dirige el procesamiento de SPF al registro SPF de otro dominio. Reemplaza por completo la política del dominio actual. `v=spf1 redirect=_spf.example.com` ### exp= Proporciona un mensaje de explicación personalizado cuando falla una comprobación SPF. Útil para diagnósticos. `v=spf1 ... -all exp=explain._spf.example.com` Ejemplos del mundo real ## Ejemplos comunes de registros SPF ### Básico - una sola IP `v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 -all` ### Google Workspace + su servidor `v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.1 include:_spf.google.com -all` ### Google + Microsoft 365 `v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com include:spf.protection.outlook.com -all` ### Registros A + MX con soft fail `v=spf1 a mx include:_spf.google.com ~all` Prácticas recomendadas ## Buenas prácticas - Nunca use `+all` \- autoriza a todos los servidores de internet - Mantenga las consultas DNS por debajo de 10 - use SPF flattening si es necesario - Revise y actualice periódicamente su registro SPF al cambiar de proveedor de correo - Pruebe su registro después de cada cambio con una herramienta de verificación SPF - Evite el mecanismo obsoleto `ptr` - Prefiera `-all` (hard fail) frente a `~all` una vez que haya verificado todas las fuentes de envío ## No gestione los registros SPF manualmente AutoSPF aplana y optimiza automáticamente el formato de su registro SPF. La configuración tarda 60 segundos. [Iniciar prueba gratuita→](https://subscriptions.zoho.com/subscribe/31162770c20bc42aba9c86185ed6106a6a2bba0f6b053217ad482bf477cf719e/smb%5F1)[Ver planes y precios](/es/precios/) Rated 5/5 on G2 · Trusted since 2018 ## What Our Customers Say ### "AutoSPF Flattens SPF Records Seamlessly & Keeps Changes Logged - I am quite pleased with the product" > It does what it promises to do, and does it very well. I appreciate that it keeps a log of changes made, which prevents many mistakes. A client's SPF record would have way too many lookups, but AutoSPF makes that problem go away. The length of the SPF record is typically not the issue; it's the amount of lookups in the record that are. AutoSPF "flattens" the record, automatically expanding the defined lookups to IP addresses or ranges. And it auto-updates the record when the un-flattened lookups change. PJ Peter J. President · Small-Business (50 or fewer emp.) ### "Helped us go beyond capacity" > AutoSPF did exactly as described, it helped us get past our 10 lookup limit. Afterwards, we hit another limit regarding overall capacity and when contacted, they quickly provided us with a new solution to eliminate capacity issues entirely going forward, so now we can add as many SPF records as needed. They also provided us with a personalized support video explaining their new method in its entirety using our instance as the example. VU Verified User Financial Services · Mid-Market (51-1000 emp.) [Read our reviews on G2 ](https://www.g2.com/products/autospf/reviews) ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138897474","name":"AutoSPF","url":"https://autospf.com","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://autospf.com/images/autospf-logo.png"},"description":"Automatic SPF flattening and email authentication management. 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I appreciate that it keeps a log of changes made, which prevents many mistakes. A client's SPF record would have way too many lookups, but AutoSPF makes that problem go away. The length of the SPF record is typically not the issue; it's the amount of lookups in the record that are. AutoSPF \"flattens\" the record, automatically expanding the defined lookups to IP addresses or ranges. And it auto-updates the record when the un-flattened lookups change.","name":"AutoSPF Flattens SPF Records Seamlessly & Keeps Changes Logged - I am quite pleased with the product","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"G2","url":"https://www.g2.com"}},{"@type":"Review","reviewRating":{"@type":"Rating","ratingValue":5,"bestRating":5},"author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Verified User","jobTitle":"Financial Services"},"datePublished":"2025-07-31","reviewBody":"AutoSPF did exactly as described, it helped us get past our 10 lookup limit. Afterwards, we hit another limit regarding overall capacity and when contacted, they quickly provided us with a new solution to eliminate capacity issues entirely going forward, so now we can add as many SPF records as needed. They also provided us with a personalized support video explaining their new method in its entirety using our instance as the example.","name":"Helped us go beyond capacity","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"G2","url":"https://www.g2.com"}}]} ```